Unit 07 – The Creative Urge | ورقة دراسة ثنائية اللغة

LESSON 1A

Vocabulary & Speaking · المفردات والتحدث

English Content

الشرح بالعربي

Exercise 1 – Speaking Discussion

1. Do you prefer to make your clothes, buy second-hand clothes or buy brand new clothes? Why?

2. What kinds of clothes do you enjoy wearing the most and the least? Why?

التمرين ١ – نقاش شفهي

ملاحظة للطالب

هذا سؤال مفتوح للنقاش. استخدم الصفات التي ستتعلمها في هذا الدرس لتوصف ملابسك المفضلة.
second-hand = مستعمل (ملابس مستعملة) | brand new = جديد تماماً

Exercise 2 – Listening 7.1 ✅ (Answers filled)

1. Speaker C makes their own clothes.

2. Speaker B buys new clothes.

3. Speaker A buys second-hand clothes.

التمرين ٢ – الاستماع

الإجابات الصحيحة

١. المتحدث C يصنع ملابسه بنفسه.

٢. المتحدث B يشتري ملابس جديدة.

٣. المتحدث A يشتري ملابس مستعملة.

Exercise 4 – Clothes Adjectives Table ✅

Opinion	Size	Shape	Colour	Pattern	Material
elegant flamboyant garish sparkly	gigantic oversized	flared pleated polo neck wide-leg	burgundy navy neon pastel scarlet	clashing plaid	cashmere corduroy knitted metallic satin suede velvet

التمرين ٤ – جدول صفات الملابس

رأي	حجم	شكل	لون	نمط	خامة
أنيق / مبهرج / صارخ / لامع	ضخم / كبير جداً	مفلّر / مكسّر / ياقة بولو / واسع الساق	أحمر غامق / كحلي / فلوري / باستل / قرمزي	متضارب / مربعات	كشمير / كوردروي / محبوك / معدني / ساتان / شمواه / مخمل

نصيحة للحفظ السريع

صِنَّف الصفات حسب هذا الترتيب عند وصف الملابس: رأي → حجم → شكل → لون → نمط → خامة
مثال: an elegant oversized plaid wool jacket

Exercise 5 – Vague Language (Fill in blanks) ✅

Amber: What is she wearing?

Brooke: Oh, it's ¹sort of like a jumpsuit, I think, but with wide trousers.

Amber: And what's that ²thingy round her waist?

Brooke: I'm not really sure… Is it a belt? It looks like it's made of ³greenish metal.

Amber: And she's got sparkly ⁴stuff on her shoes!

Amber: Does she usually wear garish colours and ⁵stuff like that?

Brooke: Yes, she's quite flamboyant.

التمرين ٥ – لغة الغموض المقصود

شرح اللغة الغامضة (Vague Language)

نستخدم لغة غامضة في الحديث العفوي عندما:

• نكون غير متأكدين من الكلمة الدقيقة: thingy (شيء ما – للمعدود) | stuff (أشياء – للمجموع)

• نعطي مثالاً: stuff like that / and so on = وما إلى ذلك

• نُقدِّر تقريباً: sort of / kind of / -ish = نوعاً ما / تقريباً

• sort of = نوعاً ما | greenish = مخضر نوعاً ما | thingy = الشيء ذاك

LESSON 2A

Grammar – Relative Clauses · الجمل الوصفية

English Content

الشرح بالعربي

Exercise 2 – Think Back: Relative Clauses ✅

1. A defining relative clause gives us essential information. A non-defining gives us extra information. Commas are used in non-defining relative clauses.

2. The pronoun which in extract b could be replaced by that.

3. The pronoun which in extract a could not be omitted.

4. The pronoun which in extract b could be omitted.

5. The pronoun which in extract b refers to the object of the sentence.

6. In extracts c and d, a full relative clause is replaced by a past participle.

7. The pronouns where, why can be used in both defining and non-defining clauses.

8. Placing the preposition at the beginning would make the sentence more formal.

الجمل الوصفية – شرح سريع

الجملة الوصفية التعريفية (Defining)

تُعطي معلومات ضرورية لتحديد الاسم. لا توجد فواصل.
مثال: The lane which he was travelling on curves…
يمكن استبدال which بـ that ويمكن حذف الضمير إذا كان مفعولاً به.

الجملة الوصفية غير التعريفية (Non-defining)

تُعطي معلومات إضافية غير ضرورية. توجد فواصل.
مثال: The Cornfield, which is one of Constable's most celebrated works…
لا يمكن حذف الضمير ولا استبداله بـ that.

اختصار الجمل الوصفية

يمكن اختصار الجملة الوصفية باستخدام اسم المفعول (Past Participle):
بدلاً من: This road, which was known locally as Fen Lane
نكتب: This road, known locally as Fen Lane

Exercise 3 – Prepositional Relative Phrases ✅

Model: …many of whom would have interpreted it as signalling peace…

1. …until 1799, at which point he began his career as a full-time artist.

2. …numerous paintings, many of which can be seen in galleries…

3. …until 1819, at which time he had sold his first important painting.

4. …next to Maria Elizabeth Bicknell, to whom he was married for 12 years.

5. …Charles Robert Leslie with whom he enjoyed a close friendship.

تمرين ٣ – العبارات الوصفية الحرفية

القاعدة

عندما تنتهي الجملة الوصفية بحرف جر، يمكن وضعه في البداية مع whom/which:

• at which point = عند هذه النقطة (للوقت أو المرحلة)

• at which time = في ذلك الوقت

• many of which = كثير منها

• to whom = الذي / التي تزوج منه/ها

• with whom = الذي / التي معه

📌 هذا الأسلوب أكثر رسمية من وضع حرف الجر في النهاية.

Exercise 4 – Nominal Relative Clauses ✅

1. Whoever painted that is a genius.

2. You can visit the gallery whenever you like.

3. Wherever I go, I always bring my drawing chalks with me.

4. Whatever I say, you'll disagree.

5. Sit in whichever chair you like.

6. Stop whatever you're doing!

تمرين ٤ – الجمل الاسمية الوصفية

الجمل الاسمية الوصفية

تعمل كاسم (فاعل / مفعول به) في الجملة:

• whoever = أياً كان (للأشخاص المجهولين)

• whatever = مهما / أياً كان (للأشياء)

• whenever = متى ما / في أي وقت

• wherever = أينما / في أي مكان

• whichever = أيهما (للاختيار من بين خيارات محددة)

Exercise 5 – Mohanna Durra Article ✅

Mohanna Durra, ¹who was born in Amman in 1938, is seen as a pioneer of the Jordanian Arts movement. He was raised by his parents in a villa ²which was just a short distance from Amman's popular tourist attraction: the Roman amphitheatre, the history ³of which fascinated him as a child.

As a young man, Durra had an attraction to drawing and would do so ⁴whenever he had the opportunity. It was perhaps due to this that his father sent him to study art with George Aleef ⁵from whom he learnt the fundamentals of creating pictures with both pencils and paintbrushes.

Following this, Durra met and befriended William Hollowin, a Dutch painter ⁶whose influence led Durra to studying Dutch artists and gave him a deep interest in the way ⁷in which light was depicted in art.

In 1954, Durra attended the Academy of Fine Arts in Rome ⁸where he became the first Jordanian to be formally taught the arts.

Such was Durra's success that he met King Hussein in 1970 ⁹in which he received the Kawkab Decoration. Durra attracted many students to his studio, many ¹⁰of whom became notable artists in their own right.

تمرين ٥ – مقال محنا درّة

مفتاح الإجابات مع الشرح

١. who – للأشخاص في الجمل الوصفية

٢. which – للأشياء (الفيلا)

٣. of which – "تاريخها" = the history of which

٤. whenever – كلما أتيحت له الفرصة

٥. from whom – "تعلّم منه" = from whom he learned

٦. whose – للملكية (تأثيره = whose influence)

٧. in which – الطريقة التي = the way in which

٨. where – للمكان

٩. in which – السنة التي = the year in which

١٠. of whom – كثير منهم = many of whom

عن محنا درّة

محنا درّة (١٩٣٨–) رائد في حركة الفنون الأردنية، وُلد في عمّان ودرس في أكاديمية روما للفنون الجميلة عام ١٩٥٤. أسّس معهد الأردن للفنون الجميلة وحصل على وسام الكوكب من الملك الحسين عام ١٩٧٠.

LESSON 3A

Reading & Vocabulary · القراءة والمفردات

English Content

الشرح بالعربي

Exercise 3 – Sensory Adjectives (Match) ✅

1. Soft, smooth and shiny → silken

2. Marked with spots of colour → dappled

3. Able to shine in the dark → luminous

4. Quiet and easy to control → docile

5. Soft and delicate to the touch → downy

6. Reflects light and changes colour → opalescent

7. Covered with a thin layer of gold → gilded

8. Gentle and kind → tender

تمرين ٣ – الصفات الحسية

الصفات الحسية ومعانيها

١. silken = ناعم وسلس ولامع كالحرير

٢. dappled = مرقط / مبقع بألوان

٣. luminous = متوهج / يضيء في الظلام

٤. docile = هادئ وطيّع وسهل التحكم

٥. downy = ناعم كالزغب / خفيف كالريش

٦. opalescent = يعكس الضوء ويغير لونه كاللؤلؤ

٧. gilded = مُذهَّب / مُغطى بطبقة ذهبية

٨. tender = رقيق / حنون / لطيف

Poem – "Pretty Words" by Elinor Morton Wylie

Poets make pets of pretty, docile words:
I love smooth words, like gold-enamelled fish
Which circle slowly with a silken swish,
And tender ones, like downy-feathered birds:
Words shy and dappled, deep-eyed deer in herds,
Come to my hand, and playful if I wish,
Or purring softly at a silver dish,
Blue Persian kittens fed on cream and curds.

I love bright words, words up and singing early;
Words that are luminous in the dark, and sing;
Warm lazy words, white cattle under trees;
I love words opalescent, cool, and pearly,
Like midsummer moths, and honeyed words like bees,
Gilded and sticky, with a little sting.

قصيدة "كلمات جميلة"

تحليل القصيدة

الفكرة الرئيسية: تُشبّه الشاعرة الكلمات بالحيوانات الأليفة وتُعبّر عن حبها للكلمات الجميلة.

الأجهزة الشعرية في القصيدة

التشبيه (Simile): like gold-enamelled fish (كالأسماك المُذهَّبة)

التشخيص (Personification): الكلمات تأتي إلى يد الشاعرة، تُغرّد، تتمسح

الجناس الأول (Alliteration): dappled, deep-eyed deer

المصوتات (Sibilance): circle slowly with a silken swish

المحاكاة الصوتية (Onomatopoeia): swish, purring

عن الشاعرة

إيلينور مورتون وايلي (١٨٨٥-١٩٢٨) شاعرة وروائية أمريكية من عشرينيات وثلاثينيات القرن الماضي، نشرت أربعة دواوين شعرية وأربع روايات.

Active Reading – Understanding Metaphors

Types of Figurative Language

• Metaphor: compares two things directly — "All the world's a stage"

• Simile: uses "like" or "as" — "Life is like a box of chocolates"

• Personification: gives human qualities to objects — "daffodils… dancing in the breeze"

• Alliteration: repeated initial sounds — dappled, deep-eyed deer

• Sibilance: repeated s/sh sounds — silken swish

• Onomatopoeia: sound imitation — swish, purring, sting

القراءة النشطة – فهم الاستعارة

الأساليب البلاغية

• الاستعارة (Metaphor): تشبيه مباشر بدون "مثل" أو "كأن"

• التشبيه (Simile): يستخدم "like / as" للمقارنة

• التشخيص (Personification): إعطاء الجماد صفات إنسانية

• الجناس الأول (Alliteration): تكرار الصوت الأول للكلمات

• المصوتات (Sibilance): تكرار أصوات س/ش

• المحاكاة الصوتية (Onomatopoeia): كلمات تُحاكي الأصوات

LESSON 4A

Listening & Vocabulary · الاستماع والمفردات

English Content

الشرح بالعربي

Exercise 3 – Vocabulary Definitions ✅

1. modern ideas or new methods → avant-garde

2. not intended to be serious → tongue-in-cheek

3. so good or large that it is surprising → jaw-dropping

4. doing something unusual to attract attention → gimmicky

5. making you feel calmer and more relaxed → soothing

6. considered to be better than it really is → overrated

7. being very attractive or of interest → appealing

8. being of a very average standard → mediocre

تمرين ٣ – مفردات وصف الفن

المعاني بالعربية

١. avant-garde = طليعي / أفكار وأساليب حديثة جداً

٢. tongue-in-cheek = غير جدي / ساخر بطريقة مرحة

٣. jaw-dropping = مبهر / يُسقط الفكّ من الدهشة

٤. gimmicky = شعوذة / حيلة لجذب الانتباه فقط

٥. soothing = مُريح / يبعث على الهدوء

٦. overrated = مبالغ في تقديره / أشهر مما يستحق

٧. appealing = جذاب / يشدّ الانتباه

٨. mediocre = متوسط / غير متميز

Exercise 4 – Complete the Sentences ✅

1. When you see the King Hussein Bin Talal Mosque in Amman for the first time, it's absolutely jaw-dropping.

2. After a busy, stressful day, I find reading a book for half an hour to be really soothing.

3. Most people agreed that his last book was quite mediocre and not his best work at all.

4. At the time, the building's design was seen as quite avant-garde and unlike anything seen before.

5. He wasn't really criticising your painting, it was just a tongue-in-cheek comment.

6. Everyone was talking about how good her poems were, but I thought they were a bit overrated.

7. I find the way the tree catches the light of the sun to be incredibly appealing every time I see it.

8. I'm sorry, but in my opinion, coloured squares aren't abstract art. It's just gimmicky and doesn't say anything useful.

تمرين ٤ – أكمل الجمل

نصيحة للاستخدام الصحيح

• استخدم jaw-dropping للأشياء المُبهرة بصرياً أو بحجمها.

• استخدم soothing للأصوات والألوان الهادئة أو للأنشطة المريحة.

• overrated يُستخدم عند انتقاد شيء مشهور لكنه لا يستحق الشهرة.

• gimmicky يُشير إلى أن الشيء يبدو جذاباً فقط سطحياً لجذب الانتباه.

• tongue-in-cheek تعبير اصطلاحي يعني "قاله بطريقة غير جدية / مازحاً".

LESSON 5A

Speaking & Vocabulary – Film Genres · التحدث عن الأفلام

English Content

الشرح بالعربي

Film Genres Vocabulary

actionadventure biopiccourtroom drama disaster moviemystery musicalperiod drama post-apocalyptic3D/CGI animation traditional animation

أنواع الأفلام

• action = أكشن | adventure = مغامرة

• biopic = فيلم سيرة ذاتية

• courtroom drama = دراما قضائية

• disaster movie = فيلم كوارث

• mystery = غموض/تشويق | musical = موسيقي

• period drama = دراما تاريخية

• post-apocalyptic = ما بعد نهاية العالم

• 3D/CGI animation = رسوم متحركة ثلاثية الأبعاد

Speaking Box – Describing a Film ✅

Exercise 4 – Replace underlined phrases:

1. "It wasn't as good as his earlier films" → It wasn't on a par with his earlier films.

2. "The basic plotline is quite unoriginal" → It tells the superficially mundane story of…

3. "He is shocked to discover…" → To his horror, he discovers…

4. "I didn't think I was very keen on animation" → I wasn't sure that I was really a fan of animation…

5. "I thought it would be bad, and it was" → My expectations were low, and they were met.

6. "I'm glad I didn't leave halfway through" → It was worth staying until the end.

7. "We might have expected that this would become a popular film" → It's no great surprise that this…

8. "The plot is incredibly complicated. However, it had me captivated" → It's impossible to sum up this story… it had me captivated from the very start.

صندوق التحدث – وصف فيلم

عبارات تلخيص الحبكة

• It tells the superficially mundane story of… = تحكي قصة تبدو عادية في ظاهرها…

• It's impossible to sum up this story = يصعب تلخيص هذه القصة

عبارات إعطاء الرأي

• It wasn't on a par with… = لم يكن بمستوى…

• My expectations were low, and they were met = توقعاتي كانت منخفضة وتحققت (= خيّب ظني)

• It had me captivated from the very start = شدّني من البداية

• It was worth staying until the end = يستحق المشاهدة حتى النهاية

• To his/her horror = وبدهشته/ها وفزعه/ها

LESSON 6A

Writing – A Letter to the Editor · كتابة رسالة للمحرر

English Content

الشرح بالعربي

Writing Box – Gaps 1–16 ✅

Organisation:

1. Salutation: Dear Editor,

2. Begin by explaining the topic / the article referred to

3. Explain to what extent you agree

4. And any reasons / evidence why you disagree

5. Conclude by reiterating and summarising / strengthening your point of view

6. Sign off: Yours faithfully,

Language Gaps 7–16:

7. The author puts forward the opinion that…

8. Despite an outwardly persuasive argument…

9. While I would not dispute…

10. I would also take issue with the notion that…

11. Nor can it be argued that…

12. On the contrary…

13. In point of fact…

14. It is far from…

15. a vital role

16. a crucial component

هيكل رسالة المحرر

تنظيم الرسالة

١. الافتتاح: Dear Editor,

٢. التقديم: وضّح سبب كتابتك والمقال الذي تردّ عليه

٣. النقاش: خذ كل نقطة وناقشها: وافق جزئياً ثم اعترض

٤. الخاتمة: لخّص موقفك وأكّده

٥. الإغلاق: Yours faithfully,

عبارات الاعتراض الرسمي

• puts forward the opinion = يطرح رأياً

• outwardly persuasive = مقنع في ظاهره

• dispute = أختلف مع / أعترض على

• take issue with = أعترض على / أختلف مع

• Nor can it be argued = ولا يمكن القول بأن

• On the contrary = على النقيض / بل على العكس

• In point of fact = في الواقع / حقيقةً

• vital role / crucial component = دور حيوي / عنصر أساسي

التلطيف في الكتابة الأكاديمية (Hedging)

التلطيف هو تخفيف حدة التصريحات في الكتابة الرسمية:

• أفعال: believe, suggest, assume

• أفعال مساعدة: might, could, would

• ظروف: perhaps, probably, possibly

• صفات تلطيفية: somewhat, to some extent

مثال: بدلاً من "This is wrong" → "This might perhaps be somewhat misleading"

Exercise 7 – Rewrite with Hedging ✅

1. "Once again I disagree." → I would once again perhaps tend to disagree.

2. "This is wrong." → This would appear to be somewhat misleading.

3. "They have made a mistake." → It seems possible that a mistake might have been made.

4. "This is not an insoluble problem." → This would not appear to be an entirely insoluble problem.

5. "The author is misinformed." → The author could perhaps be somewhat misinformed.

تمرين ٧ – إعادة الصياغة بالتلطيف

كيف نُطلّف الجمل؟

لاحظ كيف تتغير الجملة بإضافة كلمات التلطيف:

× "This is wrong." (مباشر وقاسٍ)

✓ "This would appear to be somewhat misleading." (رسمي ومؤدب)

هذا الأسلوب ضروري في الكتابة الأكاديمية والرسالة الرسمية لأنه يُظهر تواضعاً فكرياً واحترافاً.

📖 Bilingual Vocabulary Dictionary

قاموس مفردات ثنائي اللغة

#	Word	Part of Speech	English Definition	Example Sentence	Arabic المعنى	SYN.	ANT.